KIR2DL1
Kir2DL1: An Intriguing Killer Cell Receptor with Diverse Roles
Introduction:
Kir2DL1, also known as CD158a, is a type of killer cell receptor involved in regulating the immune system. It is expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells and plays a critical role in recognizing and eliminating virus-infected or cancerous cells.
Description:
Kir2DL1 is a member of the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family. It is a type II transmembrane protein that contains two extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains and an intracellular inhibitory domain. Kir2DL1 binds to specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules on target cells, triggering inhibitory signals that prevent NK cell activation and cytotoxicity.
Associated Diseases:
Kir2DL1 has been linked to various diseases, including:
- Viral infections: Kir2DL1 plays a role in controlling viral infections by regulating NK cell responses to virus-infected cells.
- Cancer: Kir2DL1 expression has been implicated in the progression and prognosis of certain cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma.
- Autoimmune diseases: Kir2DL1 may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases by inhibiting NK cell function and allowing self-reactive T cells to escape immune regulation.
Did you Know ?
- Studies have shown that individuals with certain genetic variations in the Kir2DL1 gene have an increased risk of developing viral infections and certain types of cancer.
