KAT2A

Description

The KAT2A (lysine acetyltransferase 2A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17.

Histone acetyltransferase KAT2A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KAT2A gene.

== Interactions == GCN5L2 has been shown to interact with:

DDB1, Ku70, Ku80, TADA2L, TAF9, and Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog.

KAT2A is a protein lysine acyltransferase that can act as an acetyltransferase, glutaryltransferase, succinyltransferase or malonyltransferase, depending on the context. It acts as a histone lysine succinyltransferase, catalyzing succinylation of histone H3 on 'Lys-79' (H3K79succ), with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. Succinylation of histones provides a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Association with the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, which provides succinyl-CoA, is required for histone succinylation. In different complexes, it functions either as an acetyltransferase (HAT) or as a succinyltransferase. In the SAGA and ATAC complexes, it acts as a histone acetyltransferase. KAT2A has significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones, but not with nucleosome core particles. It has a strong preference for acetylation of H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9ac). Acetylation of histones provides a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. It is recruited by the XPC complex at promoters, where it specifically mediates acetylation of histone variant H2A.Z.1/H2A.Z, thereby promoting expression of target genes. KAT2A is involved in long-term memory consolidation and synaptic plasticity by promoting expression of a hippocampal gene expression network linked to neuroactive receptor signaling. It is a positive regulator of T-cell activation. Upon TCR stimulation, it is recruited to the IL2 promoter following interaction with NFATC2 and catalyzes acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9ac), leading to promote IL2 expression. KAT2A is required for growth and differentiation of craniofacial cartilage and bone by regulating acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9ac). It regulates embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and differentiation. KAT2A also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as CEBPB, PPARGC1A, PLK4 and TBX5. It is involved in heart and limb development by mediating acetylation of TBX5, acetylation regulating nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of TBX5. It acts as a negative regulator of centrosome amplification by mediating acetylation of PLK4. KAT2A also acts as a negative regulator of gluconeogenesis by mediating acetylation and subsequent inactivation of PPARGC1A. KAT2A also acts as a histone glutaryltransferase, catalyzing glutarylation of histone H4 on 'Lys-91' (H4K91glu), a mark that destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.

KAT2A is also known as GCN5, GCN5L2, PCAF-b, hGCN5.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing