ITLN1
Description
The ITLN1 (intelectin 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
Intelectin-1, also known as omentin or intestinal lactoferrin receptor, is an intelectin encoded in humans by the ITLN1 gene. Intelectin-1 functions both as a receptor for bacterial arabinogalactans and for lactoferrin. Having conserved ligand binding site residues, both human and mouse intelectin-1 bind the exocyclic vicinal diol of carbohydrate ligands such as galactofuranose.
Intelectin-1 (ITLN1) is a lectin that specifically recognizes microbial carbohydrate chains in a calcium-dependent manner. It binds to microbial glycans containing a terminal acyclic 1,2-diol moiety, including beta-linked D-galactofuranose (beta-Galf), D-phosphoglycerol-modified glycans, D-glycero-D-talo-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KO), and 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO). ITLN1 binds to glycans from Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including K. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae, Y. pestis, P. mirabilis, and P. vulgaris, but does not bind human glycans. ITLN1 is thought to play a role in the defense system against microorganisms. It may also function as an adipokine that enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes without affecting basal glucose uptake. ITLN1 increases AKT phosphorylation in the absence and presence of insulin. ITLN1 may interact with lactoferrin/LTF, increasing its uptake and potentially contributing to iron absorption.
ITLN1 is also known as HL-1, HL1, INTL, ITLN, LFR, hIntL, omentin.
