IFIT5
Description
The IFIT5 (interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 5) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
IFIT5 is an interferon-induced RNA-binding protein involved in the human innate immune response. It has broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition, which is important for RNA recognition specificity in antiviral defense. IFIT5 binds to precursor and processed tRNAs, as well as poly-U-tailed tRNA fragments. It specifically binds to single-stranded RNA bearing a 5'-triphosphate group (PPP-RNA), acting as a sensor of viral single-stranded RNAs. PPP-RNAs lack 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap and bear a 5'-triphosphate group, distinguishing them from host mRNAs during viral infection. IFIT5 directly binds to PPP-RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner. Additionally, it recognizes and selectively binds to AT-rich dsDNA. As a mediator in innate immunity, IFIT5 positively regulates IKK-NFKB signaling by synergizing the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7.
IFIT5 is also known as ISG58, P58, RI58.
