IFIT3
Description
The IFIT3 (interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3, also known as interferon-stimulated gene 49 (ISG49), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFIT3 gene. It plays a part in the innate immune response to viruses in response to type I interferon signaling.
IFIT3 is an interferon-induced antiviral protein that inhibits cellular and viral processes, including cell migration, proliferation, signaling, and viral replication. It enhances the host's antiviral response by acting as an adapter between TBK1 and MAVS, leading to the activation of TBK1 and phosphorylation of IRF3. Phosphorylated IRF3 then translocates to the nucleus to promote antiviral gene transcription. IFIT3 also exhibits antiproliferative activity by upregulating the cell cycle negative regulators CDKN1A/p21 and CDKN1B/p27. It achieves this by sequestering COPS5 in the cytoplasm, which normally binds and exports CDKN1B/p27 from the nucleus for degradation. This leads to increased nuclear levels of CDKN1B/p27. Additionally, IFIT3 upregulates CDKN1A/p21 by downregulating MYC, a repressor of CDKN1A/p21. Finally, IFIT3 can negatively regulate the apoptotic effects of IFIT2.
IFIT3 is also known as CIG-49, GARG-49, IFI60, IFIT4, IRG2, ISG60, P60, RIG-G, cig41.
