ICOSLG
Description
The ICOSLG (inducible T cell costimulator ligand) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 21.
ICOS ligand is a protein encoded by the ICOSLG gene on chromosome 21. It is a glycosylated transmembrane structure classified as a member of the B7 family due to its homology with B7 family members. The B7/CD28 superfamily provides co-signals to immunocytes in immune responses. The interaction of ICOSLG with its receptor ICOS is crucial for T cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production, as well as antibody secretion from B cells during secondary immune responses. ICOSLG is expressed in both lymphatic and non-lymphatic tissues and is important for upregulating and promoting T cell immune responses. Expression of ICOSLG in naive B cells and monocytes in PBMCs is low but can be quickly upregulated by stimulation with IFN-γ, TNF-α, or LPS. The induced expression of ICOS on activated T cells primarily regulates the secretion of Th2 cytokines, shifting the immune response towards the Th2 type. The ICOS/ICOSLG pathway is involved in various immunopathogenic processes, including infection, hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, transplantation immunity, and tumor immunity.
ICOSLG is also known as B7-H2, B7H2, B7RP-1, B7RP1, B7h, CD275, GL50, ICOS-L, ICOSL, IMD119, LICOS.
