HSD17B2
HSD17B2: An Essential Enzyme in Hormone Metabolism and Beyond
Description
HSD17B2 (hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 2) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the metabolism of steroid hormones, particularly those involved in sex and stress response. It catalyzes the reversible conversion of estradiol to estrone and testosterone to androstenedione, regulating the levels and activities of these hormones within the body.
HSD17B2 is widely distributed throughout various tissues, including the liver, brain, adipose tissue, and reproductive organs. Its expression and activity are tightly regulated by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, ensuring precise hormone balance.
Associated Diseases
Disruptions in HSD17B2 function have been linked to several hormonal disorders and health conditions:
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Elevated HSD17B2 activity in the ovaries can contribute to the hormonal imbalances and infertility associated with PCOS.
- Endometriosis: Abnormal HSD17B2 expression in endometrial cells may promote inflammation and pain in endometriosis.
- Breast cancer: Increased HSD17B2 activity in breast tumors has been associated with more aggressive disease and poorer outcomes.
- Depression and anxiety: Dysregulation of HSD17B2 in the brain has been implicated in the development of depression and anxiety disorders.
- Obesity and metabolic syndrome: HSD17B2 deficiency is linked to impaired insulin sensitivity and increased risk of obesity and related metabolic complications.
Did you Know ?
Approximately 15% of women with PCOS have a mutation in the HSD17B2 gene, highlighting its significant role in the pathogenesis of this common endocrine disorder.
