HS3ST1
Description
The HS3ST1 (heparan sulfate-glucosamine 3-sulfotransferase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4.
HS3ST1, a human gene, encodes for an enzyme called Heparan sulfate glucosamine 3-O-sulfotransferase 1. This enzyme is part of the family responsible for synthesizing heparan sulfate, a complex sugar molecule with diverse biological roles. HS3ST1 specifically adds a sulfate group to glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate, which is a crucial step in creating anticoagulant heparan sulfate. It is also known to be a rate-limiting enzyme for this specific process. HS3ST1 resides in the Golgi apparatus, an organelle within cells involved in protein modification and packaging. Variations within the HS3ST1 gene are linked to an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
HS3ST1 catalyzes the transfer of a sulfate group to position 3 of glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate, utilizing 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as a donor. This sulfation is essential for the biosynthesis of anticoagulant heparan sulfate and represents the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of active heparan sulfate. This specific modification completes the structure of the antithrombin pentasaccharide binding site, which is crucial for anticoagulant activity.
HS3ST1 is also known as 3OST, 3OST1.
