HMGN3

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Description

The HMGN3 (high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.

HMGN3, encoded by the HMGN3 gene, is a protein that binds to thyroid hormone receptor beta in the presence of thyroid hormone. It belongs to the HMGN protein family and is thought to reduce chromatin fiber compaction in nucleosomes, enhancing transcription. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

HMGN3 binds to nucleosomes, influencing chromatin structure and impacting processes like transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair. It affects insulin and glucagon levels, modulating pancreatic gene expression related to insulin secretion. Specifically, HMGN3 regulates the expression of the glucose transporter SLC2A2 by binding to its promoter region and recruiting PDX1 and other transcription factors. Additionally, it controls the expression of SLC6A9, a glycine transporter, by binding to its transcription start site. HMGN3 may also play a role in ocular development and astrocyte function.

HMGN3 is also known as PNAS-24, PNAS-25, TRIP7.

Associated Diseases

• type 2 diabetes mellitus
• hyperinsulinism due to glucokinase deficiency
• hyperinsulinism due to INSR deficiency
• type 1 diabetes mellitus
• diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 2
• Huntington disease
• exercise-induced hyperinsulinism
• diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 4
• transient neonatal diabetes mellitus
• permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase deficiency
• hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia and body hemihypertrophy
• glycogen storage disorder due to hepatic glycogen synthase deficiency
• male hypergonadotropic hypogonadism-intellectual disability-skeletal anomalies syndrome
• hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome
• hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4
• islet cell adenomatosis
• renal cysts and diabetes syndrome
• hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 1