HMGB3
Description
The HMGB3 (high mobility group box 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome X.
High-mobility group protein B3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HMGB3 gene.
HMGB3 is a multifunctional protein with diverse roles across cellular compartments, potentially operating in a redox-sensitive manner. It associates with chromatin and binds to DNA, particularly non-canonical structures like single-stranded DNA. By bending and enhancing DNA flexibility through looping, HMGB3 might regulate gene promoter activity. Evidence suggests its involvement in the innate immune response as a cytoplasmic sensor for immunogenic DNA and RNA. HMGB3 also plays a regulatory role in B-cell and myeloid cell differentiation, potentially influencing the balance between self-renewal and differentiation in hematopoietic stem cells. Additionally, it is implicated in the negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling.
HMGB3 is also known as HMG-2a, HMG-4, HMG2A, HMG4.
