HDAC4 : histone deacetylase 4

Description

The HDAC4 (histone deacetylase 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 2.

The HDAC4 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called histone deacetylase 4. This enzyme is part of a group of related enzymes, called histone deacetylases, that modify proteins called histones. Histones are structural proteins that attach (bind) to DNA and give chromosomes their shape. By removing a molecule called an acetyl group from histones (a process called deacetylation), histone deacetylases cause the DNA within chromosomes to become tightly packed (compressed). As a result, proteins called transcription factors, which attach (bind) to specific regions of DNA and help control the activity of particular genes, cannot access the DNA. Through deacetylation of histones, histone deacetylase 4 is able to control (regulate) the activity of certain genes. Histone deacetylase 4 appears to be particularly important for regulating the activity of genes involved in heart and skeletal development. This protein is also involved in nerve cell survival.

HDAC4 is responsible for removing acetyl groups from lysine residues on the N-terminal tails of core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). This deacetylation serves as a marker for epigenetic repression and plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell cycle progression, and developmental processes. HDAC4 functions within large multiprotein complexes. It's involved in muscle development through its interactions with myocyte enhancer factors such as MEF2A, MEF2C, and MEF2D. It also contributes to the MTA1-mediated epigenetic regulation of ESR1 expression in breast cancer. HDAC4 deacetylates HSPA1A and HSPA1B at 'Lys-77', promoting their binding to the co-chaperone STUB1.

HDAC4 is also known as AHO3, BDMR, HA6116, HD4, HDAC-4, HDAC-A, HDACA, NEDCHF, NEDCHID.

Associated Diseases

WES Whole Exome Sequencing

Clinical Exome Sequencing