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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Description:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that causes airflow blockage and difficulty breathing. It is characterized by inflammation and damage to the airways and air sacs in the lungs. COPD primarily affects smokers, but can also develop in individuals exposed to air pollution, occupational dusts, or genetic factors.
Stages of COPD:
COPD is classified into four stages based on severity:
- Mild COPD: Mild symptoms, such as shortness of breath with exertion.
- Moderate COPD: Increased symptoms, including frequent coughing and wheezing.
- Severe COPD: Severe shortness of breath, even at rest, and limited activity tolerance.
- Very severe COPD: Extreme difficulty breathing, requiring oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation.
Associated Diseases:
COPD is often associated with other conditions:
- Lung cancer: COPD can increase the risk of developing lung cancer.
- Cardiovascular disease: COPD can lead to heart failure and other cardiovascular complications.
- Diabetes: Diabetes can worsen COPD symptoms and vice versa.
- Depression: Individuals with COPD may experience depression due to reduced physical and social functioning.
Did you Know ?
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), COPD is the third leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for over 3 million deaths annually.
