GSTM4

Description

The GSTM4 (glutathione S-transferase mu 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.

GSTM4 is a gene that encodes a glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme belonging to the mu class. GSTs play a vital role in detoxification by conjugating glutathione to electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, drugs, environmental toxins, and products of oxidative stress. GSTM4 is part of a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3, known for its polymorphism, which can influence an individual's susceptibility to toxins and carcinogens and affect drug efficacy. Variations in the gene can impact the response to chemotherapy, as demonstrated in Ewing sarcoma patients. Multiple transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been identified.

GSTM4, also known as GST class-mu 4, GST-Mu2, GSTM4-4, and Leukotriene C4 synthase GSTM4, conjugates reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. It catalyzes the conjugation of leukotriene A4 with reduced glutathione (GSH) to form leukotriene C4. GSTM4 can also catalyze the transfer of a glutathionyl group from glutathione (GSH) to 13(S),14(S)-epoxy-docosahexaenoic acid to form maresin conjugate in tissue regeneration 1 (MCTR1), a bioactive lipid mediator that possesses potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions.

GSTM4 is also known as GSTM4-4, GTM4.

Associated Diseases

• acroleukopathy, symmetric
• familial progressive hyperpigmentation
• hyperpigmentation with or without hypopigmentation, familial progressive