GRIA4
Description
The GRIA4 (glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
GRIA4 is a gene that encodes for the glutamate receptor 4 protein, a member of the L-glutamate-gated ion channel family. These channels are responsible for fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. They are also responsive to the glutamate agonist, AMPA. Certain haplotypes of the GRIA4 gene have been linked to schizophrenia. This gene produces various isoforms through alternative splicing. Like other AMPA receptor subunits, GRIA4 has flip and flop spliced variants. It also has long and short isoforms of its CTD and potentially an ATD-only isoform. GRIA4 interacts with several proteins including CACNG2, GRIP1, PICK1, and PRKCG. The pre-mRNA of GRIA4, along with other ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors, is a substrate for ADARs. GRIA4 forms tetrameric channels composed of four subunits.
GRIA4, also known as Glutamate receptor 4, is a receptor for the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. It functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system, playing a crucial role in excitatory synaptic transmission. The binding of glutamate to GRIA4 induces a conformational change, opening the cation channel and converting the chemical signal into an electrical impulse. Following activation, the receptor rapidly desensitizes, entering a transient inactive state with bound glutamate. However, the presence of CACNG4, CACNG7, or CACNG8 can induce resensitization, characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued glutamate application.
GRIA4 is also known as GLUR4, GLUR4C, GLURD, GluA4, GluA4-ATD, NEDSGA.
