GPR32
Description
The GPR32 (G protein-coupled receptor 32) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
G protein-coupled receptor 32, also known as GPR32 or the RvD1 receptor, is a human receptor (biochemistry) belonging to the rhodopsin-like subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors.
== Gene == The GPR32 was initially identified and defined by molecular cloning in 1998 as coding for an orphan receptor, i.e. a protein with an amino acid sequence similar to known receptors but having no known ligand(s) to which it responds and no known function. The projected amino acid sequence of GPR32, however, shared 35-39% amino acid identity with certain members of the chemotactic factor receptor family, i.e. 39% identity with Formyl peptide receptor 1, which is a receptor for N-Formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine and related N-formyl peptide chemotactic factors, and 35% identity with Formyl peptide receptor 2, which likewise is also a receptor for N-formyl peptides but also a receptor for certain lipoxins which are arachidonic acid metabolites belonging to a set of specialized proresolving mediators that act to resolve or inhibit inflammatory reactions. GPR32 mapped to chromosomal 19, region q13.3. There are no mouse or other orthologs of GPR32.
== Receptor == The GPR32 protein is a G protein coupled receptor although the specific G protein subtypes which it activates has not yet been reported. GPR32 is expressed in human blood neutrophils, certain types of blood lymphocytes (i.e. activated CD8+ cells, CD4+ T cells, and T helper 17 cells), tissue macrophages, small airway epithelial cells, and adipose tissue.
G-protein coupled receptor that binds to several ligands including resolvin D1 (RvD1) with high affinity, leading to rapid and transient activation of numerous intracellular signaling pathways. In macrophages, enhances the RvD1-stimulated phagocytic and clearance functions (PubMed:20080636). Macrophages migrate less toward different chemoattractant stimuli but phagocytose more microbial particles (PubMed:26969756). Prevents the increase in Ca(2+) and activation of ERK1/2 used by histamine and its H1 receptor subtype to induce goblet cell secretion by activating PKC and GRK2 to counter-regulate the histamine receptor (PubMed:23462912).
GPR32 is also known as DRV1, RVDR1.
