GOT1
Description
The GOT1 (glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 10.
GOT1, the gene encoding Aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic, plays a vital role in amino acid metabolism, the urea cycle, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme exists in both cytoplasmic (GOT1) and mitochondrial (GOT2) forms. Both forms are homodimers and share significant homology. GOT1 is involved in the conversion of aspartate to glutamate, an essential neurotransmitter.
GOT1, also known as aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic, catalyzes the biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. It plays a crucial role in regulating glutamate levels, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system. GOT1 acts as a scavenger of glutamate, contributing to brain neuroprotection. Its aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. When utilizing L-cysteine as a substrate, GOT1 regulates mercaptopyruvate levels, an essential source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S through the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide serves as an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain. Additionally, GOT1 catalyzes the formation of (2S)-2-aminobutanoate, a by-product in the cysteine biosynthesis pathway.
GOT1 is also known as AST, AST1, ASTQTL1, GIG18, SGOT, cAspAT, cCAT.
Associated Diseases
- Alzheimer disease
- Parkinson disease
- lysosomal storage disease
- multiple sclerosis
- endometrial cancer
- cancer
- familial atrial fibrillation
- X-linked severe congenital neutropenia
