Age at Menarche

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Menarche, the first menstrual period, marks the onset of puberty and the beginning of reproductive capability. It typically occurs between ages 11 and 14.

Impact of Gene Variants

Genetic factors explain 57-82% of the variation in age at menarche. Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with age at menarche are also linked to pubertal growth spurt.

Ways to Recognize Problems

The primary sign of menarche is vaginal bleeding. Other symptoms may include abdominal cramping, bloating, and mood swings. Menarche occurring before age 9 or after age 16 is considered abnormal.

Ways to Improve

Factors such as nutrition, physical activity, and overall health can influence the age of menarche. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and access to quality healthcare can contribute to a healthier onset of menarche.

Did you know

The median age at menarche has decreased from 12.1 years in 1995 to 11.9 years in 2013-2017.