VRK3
Description
The VRK3 (VRK serine/threonine kinase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
VRK3, also known as Vaccinia-related kinase 3, is a serine/threonine-protein kinase. It plays a role in the regulation of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the nuclear envelope protein barrier-to-autointegration factor/BAF that is required for disassembly and reassembly, respectively, of the nuclear envelope during mitosis. Under normal physiological conditions, VRK3 negatively regulates ERK activity along with VHR/DUSP3 phosphatase in the nucleus, causing timely and transient action of ERK. Stress conditions activate CDK5 which phosphorylates VRK3 to increase VHR phosphatase activity and suppress prolonged ERK activation that causes cell death. For example, upon glutamate induction, VRK3 promotes nuclear localization of HSP70/HSPA1A to inhibit ERK activation via VHR/DUSP3 phosphatase. VRK3 interacts with DUSP3 and RAN. It also interacts with HSP70/HSPA1A.
VRK3 plays a key role in regulating the cell cycle by phosphorylating the nuclear envelope protein BAF, essential for the disassembly and reassembly of the nuclear envelope during mitosis. Under normal conditions, VRK3, alongside VHR/DUSP3 phosphatase, negatively regulates ERK activity in the nucleus, ensuring timely and transient ERK activation. In response to stress, CDK5 activation leads to VRK3 phosphorylation, boosting VHR phosphatase activity and suppressing prolonged ERK activation, which can cause cell death. For instance, glutamate induction triggers VRK3-mediated nuclear localization of HSP70/HSPA1A, inhibiting ERK activation through VHR/DUSP3 phosphatase.
VRK3 is also known as -.
Associated Diseases
- endometrial cancer
- frontotemporal dementia
- childhood disintegrative disorder
- Senior-Boichis syndrome
- hepatorenocardiac degenerative fibrosis
- nephronophthisis
- 15q11q13 microduplication syndrome
- hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-beta-thalassemia syndrome
- renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia 1
- intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 64
- early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease
- nephronophthisis 3
- dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis with or without pseudohyperkalemia and/or perinatal edema
