USP12
Description
The USP12 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 12) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13.
USP12, also known as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 12, is a deubiquitinating enzyme with diverse roles in immune regulation and inflammation. It interacts with WDR48 to act as a tumor suppressor by stabilizing PHLPP1. Upon TCR activation, USP12 translocates to the cytoplasm and deubiquitinates LAT and TRAT1, stabilizing the TCR signaling complex. It is essential for selective LPS-induced macrophage response via NF-κB activation, and promotes antiviral immunity by targeting IFI16 to inhibit proteasomal degradation. USP12 also participates in interferon signaling by inhibiting STAT1 acetylation, independent of its deubiquitinase activity. Further, it promotes CD4+ T-cell differentiation and activation through NF-κB signaling by stabilizing BCL10, and activates NF-κB in myeloid-derived suppressor cells by stabilizing RELA. USP12 modulates mitochondrial apoptosis by regulating Lys-63-linked polyubiquitin chains of BAX. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9D9M2, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19075014, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24145035, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26811477, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27373336, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28063927, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31899788, ECO:0000269|PubMed:36361894, ECO:0000269|PubMed:37410794}
USP12 is also known as UBH1, USP12L1.
