TRIM55
Description
The TRIM55 (tripartite motif containing 55) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
Tripartite motif-containing protein 55 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM55 gene. The protein encoded by this gene contains a RING zinc finger, a motif known to be involved in protein-protein interactions. This protein associates transiently with microtubules, myosin, and titin during muscle sarcomere assembly. It may act as a transient adaptor and plays a regulatory role in the assembly of sarcomeres. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.
TRIM55 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with a crucial role in regulating cardiac development and contractility, muscle growth, metabolism, and fiber-type differentiation. In collaboration with TRIM63, it regulates cardiomyocyte size during development by modulating E2F1-mediated gene expression. TRIM55 promotes apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by ubiquitinating the DUSP1 phosphatase. It also activates non-canonical NF-kappa-B signaling and B-cell mediated immune responses by mediating NFKB2 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination and processing. This leads to further NFKB2 processing by valosin-containing protein/VCP, an ATPase involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation by the proteasome. TRIM55 potentially prevents macrophages from producing inflammatory factors and migrating by downregulating nuclear NF-kappa-B subunit RELA. It also modifies PPARG via polyubiquitination and accelerates its proteasomal degradation to inhibit PPARG activity.
TRIM55 is also known as MURF-2, RNF29, muRF2.
Associated Diseases
- familial atrial fibrillation
- Brugada syndrome
- familial sick sinus syndrome
- sinoatrial node dysfunction and deafness
- long QT syndrome 9
- long QT syndrome 5
