TPST2
Description
The TPST2 (tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 22.
Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 (TPST2) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in adding sulfate groups to tyrosine residues in proteins, a process known as tyrosine sulfation. This modification is critical for various biological functions, including inflammation, immune cell movement, viral entry into cells, and interactions between cells and proteins. TPST2 utilizes a molecule called 3'-Phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) as a sulfate donor. TPST2 recognizes specific tyrosine residues within proteins, usually those surrounded by acidic amino acids. One well-studied substrate for TPST2 is P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), which is important for immune cell interactions. Another significant substrate is CC-chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5), which is targeted by HIV for entry into cells. TPST2's activity on CCR5 is crucial for HIV infection. Beyond these examples, TPST2 has been implicated in the sulfation of a variety of proteins involved in signaling, coagulation, and other important biological processes.
TPST2 is also known as TANGO13B, TPST-2.
Associated Diseases
- multiple sclerosis
- Parkinson disease
- Alzheimer disease
- lysosomal storage disease
- male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation
- partial chromosome Y deletion
- spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2
- spermatogenic failure 65
- 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis
