TNFSF18
Description
The TNFSF18 (TNF superfamily member 18) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
TNFSF18 is a protein encoded by the TNFSF18 gene in humans. It is a cytokine belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. TNFSF18 binds to the TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR receptor and plays a role in modulating T lymphocyte survival in peripheral tissues. It is also expressed in endothelial cells and is believed to be important for interactions between T lymphocytes and endothelial cells.
TNFSF18 binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR and regulates T-cell responses. It acts as a costimulator, lowering the threshold for T-cell activation and proliferation. TNFSF18 is crucial for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. It mediates NF-kappa-B activation and triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1, upregulating the expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1. This leads to enhanced leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. TNFSF18 also regulates the migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation.
TNFSF18 is also known as AITRL, GITRL, TL6, TNLG2A, hGITRL.
