TNFSF10
Description
The TNFSF10 (TNF superfamily member 10) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 3.
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also known as TNFSF10, is a protein that induces apoptosis (programmed cell death). It is a cytokine produced by most normal tissue cells. TRAIL binds to specific death receptors on tumor cells, primarily triggering apoptosis. It has been investigated as a target for anti-cancer therapies since the mid-1990s, but as of 2013, these therapies have not shown significant survival benefits. TRAIL has also been implicated in various pulmonary diseases, particularly pulmonary arterial hypertension.
The gene encoding TRAIL (TNFSF10) is located on human chromosome 3q26. It spans about 20 kb and consists of five exons and four introns. The TRAIL gene lacks TATA and CAAT boxes, but its promoter region contains various response elements for transcription factors, including GATA, AP-1, C/EBP, SP-1, OCT-1, AP3, PEA3, CF-1, and ISRE.
The expression of TRAIL can be induced by TIC10, and this has been studied in mice with various tumor types.
TNFSF10, also known as TRAIL, is a cytokine that binds to several receptors, including TNFRSF10A/TRAILR1, TNFRSF10B/TRAILR2, TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and possibly TNFRSF11B/OPG. This binding triggers apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death. However, TNFSF10's activity can be modulated by interactions with decoy receptors like TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and TNFRSF11B/OPG, which do not induce apoptosis.
TNFSF10 is also known as APO2L, Apo-2L, CD253, TANCR, TL2, TNLG6A, TRAIL.
