TAX1BP1
Description
The TAX1BP1 (Tax1 binding protein 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 7.
TAX1BP1, or Tax1-binding protein 1, is a protein encoded by the TAX1BP1 gene in humans. It is involved in several cellular processes, including inflammation, antiviral response, and innate immunity. TAX1BP1 interacts with TNFAIP3 and TRAF6, two proteins involved in signaling pathways that regulate the immune response. TAX1BP1 binds to TNFAIP3 or TRAF6 and suppresses NF-kappa-B transcriptional activation, a process that plays a key role in inflammation.
TAX1BP1 is a ubiquitin-binding adapter protein involved in various cellular processes including inflammation, antiviral defense, innate immunity and selective autophagy regulation. It negatively regulates NF-kappa-B and IRF3 signaling by acting as an adapter for the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20/TNFAIP3, leading to inactivation of its substrates. TAX1BP1 also disrupts the interaction between the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRAF3 and TBK1/IKBKE, attenuating 'Lys63'-linked polyubiquitination of TBK1 and subsequently IFN-beta production. Additionally, TAX1BP1 recruits A20/TNFAIP3 to ubiquitinated signaling proteins TRAF6 and RIPK1, resulting in their deubiquitination and disruption of IL-1 and TNF-induced NF-kappa-B signaling pathways. Furthermore, TAX1BP1 inhibits virus-induced apoptosis by inducing 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of MAVS via recruitment of the E3 ligase ITCH, thereby suppressing MAVS-mediated apoptosis signaling. As a macroautophagy/autophagy receptor, TAX1BP1 facilitates the xenophagic clearance of pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Upon NBR1 recruitment to SQSTM1-ubiquitin condensates, TAX1BP1 acts as the major recruiter of RB1CC1 to these condensates, promoting their autophagic degradation. It also mediates the autophagic degradation of other substrates, including TICAM1.
TAX1BP1 is also known as CALCOCO3, T6BP, TXBP151.
