TAF9
Description
The TAF9 (TATA-box binding protein associated factor 9) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 5.
TAF9 is a protein encoded by the TAF9 gene in humans. It is a subunit of the TFIID complex, which is essential for the initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. TFIID binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TAF9 interacts with other transcription factors, including p53 and VP16, and plays a role in both activating and repressing transcription. It is essential for cell viability and may have a role in gene regulation associated with apoptosis. TAF9 has a similar but distinct paralog, TAF9B, located on the X chromosome, and a pseudogene on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. The 17-amino-acid-long trans-activating domains (TAD) of several transcription factors were reported to bind directly to TAF9: p53, VP16, HSF1, NF-IL6, NFAT1, NF-κB, and ALL1/MLL1. Inside of these 17 amino acids, a unique Nine-amino-acid transactivation domain (9aaTAD) was identified for each reported transcription factor.
TAF9, also known as Transcription Initiation Factor TFIID Subunit 9, is a key component of the TFIID complex, which is essential for initiating RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription. TFIID binds to promoter regions, with or without a TATA box, through its TATA-binding protein (TBP) subunit. TAF9 contributes to the assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) and is also part of the TBP-free TAFII complex (TFTC), the PCAF histone acetylase complex, and the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. TAF9 and its paralog, TAF9B, play roles in both activating and repressing transcription of distinct but overlapping sets of genes. TAF9 is crucial for cell viability and may be involved in gene regulation associated with apoptosis.
TAF9 is also known as MGC:5067, STAF31/32, TAF2G, TAFII-31, TAFII-32, TAFII31, TAFII32, TAFIID32.
