SUPT5H
Description
The SUPT5H (SPT5 homolog, DSIF elongation factor subunit) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
Transcription elongation factor SPT5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SUPT5H gene.
The SUPT5H gene encodes a protein called transcription elongation factor SPT5 (hSPT5), which is also known as DRB sensitivity-inducing factor 160 kDa subunit, DRB sensitivity-inducing factor large subunit, and Tat-cotransactivator 1 protein. hSPT5 is a component of the DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex (DSIF complex), which plays a crucial role in regulating mRNA processing and transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. DSIF positively regulates mRNA capping by enhancing the activity of the mRNA guanylyltransferase RNGTT/CAP1A. In collaboration with the negative elongation factor complex (NELF complex), DSIF promotes transcriptional pausing near promoter regions, potentially facilitating the assembly of a functional RNA polymerase II complex. DSIF and NELF inhibit the transcription elongation factor TFIIS/S-II, which contributes to transcriptional pausing. TFIIS/S-II binds to RNA polymerase II at pause sites, stimulating its intrinsic nuclease activity. This cleavage of blocked transcripts enables RNA polymerase II to resume transcription from a new 3' terminus, allowing for repeated attempts to transcribe through natural pause sites. DSIF can also positively regulate transcriptional elongation, which is essential for the efficient activation of transcriptional elongation by the HIV-1 nuclear transcriptional activator, Tat. DSIF suppresses transcriptional pausing in transcripts derived from the HIV-1 LTR and prevents premature release of HIV-1 transcripts at terminator sequences.
SUPT5H is also known as SPT5, SPT5H, Tat-CT1.
Associated Diseases
- ovarian cancer
- endometrial cancer
- urinary bladder cancer
- autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis
- Prata-Liberal-Goncalves syndrome
- osteomesopyknosis
