STAB2
Description
The STAB2 (stabilin 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.
Stabilin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAB2 gene. This gene encodes a large, transmembrane receptor protein which may function in angiogenesis, lymphocyte homing, cell adhesion, or receptor scavenging. The protein contains 7 fasciclin, 15 epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like, and 2 laminin-type EGF-like domains as well as a C-type lectin-like hyaluronan-binding Link module. The protein is primarily expressed on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, spleen, and lymph node. The receptor has been shown to bind and endocytose ligands such as hyaluronan, low density lipoprotein, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and advanced glycosylation end products. Supporting its possible role as a scavenger receptor, the protein has been shown to cycle between the plasma membrane and lysosomes.
Stabilin-2 acts as a phosphatidylserine receptor, enhancing the engulfment of apoptotic cells. It serves as a hyaluronan receptor, binding to and mediating endocytosis of hyaluronic acid (HA). Additionally, in various species, it functions as a primary systemic scavenger receptor for heparin (Hep), chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), nonglycosaminoglycan (GAG), acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL), pro-collagen propeptides, and advanced glycation end products (AGE). Stabilin-2 potentially contributes to maintaining tissue integrity by supporting extracellular matrix turnover or regulating the fluidity of bodily liquids through hyaluronan resorption. It acts as a counter receptor, playing a significant role in lymphocyte recruitment within the hepatic vasculature. Stabilin-2 binds to both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, potentially participating in defense against bacterial infections. The proteolytically processed 190 kDa form serves as an endocytosis receptor for heparin internalization, along with HA and CS.
STAB2 is also known as FEEL2, FELE-2, FELL2, FEX2, HARE, SCARH1.
