SPNS1
Description
The SPNS1 (SPNS lysolipid transporter 1, lysophospholipid) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
SPNS1 plays a key role in the recycling of phospholipids from lysosomes to the cytosol. It facilitates the movement of lysophospholipids out of lysosomes, a process that is dependent on protons. These lysophospholipids are then used by acyltransferases in the endoplasmic reticulum to create new phospholipids. SPNS1 preferentially transports lysophospholipids with zwitterionic headgroups, such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE). It can also transport lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) but does not transport other anionic lysophospholipids, sphingosine, or sphingomyelin. SPNS1 handles lysophospholipids containing saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It also transports lysoplasmalogen (LPC with a fatty alcohol). Lysosomal LPC may act as an intracellular signaling molecule. SPNS1 is crucial for maintaining lysosomal health and is essential for cell survival when nutrients are limited. It might be involved in necrotic or autophagic cell death.
SPNS1 is also known as HSpin1, LAT, PP2030, SLC62A1, SLC63A1, SPIN1, SPINL, nrs.
