SMUG1
Description
The SMUG1 (single-strand-selective monofunctional uracil-DNA glycosylase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.
SMUG1 is an enzyme that removes uracil from DNA, a process essential for DNA repair and preventing mutations. It works in both single- and double-stranded DNA and plays a major role in removing uracil from mismatched U/G pairs. SMUG1 is also crucial for antibody diversification, removing uracil introduced during the process. Low SMUG1 levels are associated with increased mutation rates and cancer risk.
SMUG1 recognizes and removes uracil (U) and its oxidized derivatives (5-formyluracil, 5-hydroxyuracil, and 5-hydroxymethyluracil) from single-stranded and double-stranded DNA. It prefers to remove uracil from mismatched U/G pairs compared to matched U/A pairs. SMUG1's activity is dependent on salt concentration, with a preference for single-stranded DNA at low salt concentrations and double-stranded DNA at high salt concentrations.
SMUG1 is also known as FDG, HMUDG, UNG3.
