RPS2
Description
The RPS2 (ribosomal protein S2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
The RPS2 gene encodes the 40S ribosomal protein S2, a component of the small 40S subunit of the ribosome, the organelle responsible for protein synthesis. The protein belongs to the S5P family of ribosomal proteins and is located in the cytoplasm. RPS2 shares sequence similarity with mouse LLRep3 and is co-transcribed with the small nucleolar RNA gene U64. There are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. RPS2 has been shown to interact with PRMT3.
RPS2 is a component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. RPS2 plays a role in the assembly and function of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Mutations in this protein affect the control of translational fidelity. RPS2 is involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.
RPS2 is also known as LLREP3, S2, uS5.
Associated Diseases
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- cystic fibrosis
- COVID-19
- Becker muscular dystrophy
- qualitative or quantitative defects of dystrophin
- urinary bladder cancer
- aniridia
- hemophilia A
- cystinosis
- Alport syndrome
- hemophilia B
