RNF135
Description
The RNF135 (ring finger protein 135) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 17.
RING finger protein 135 is a protein encoded by the RNF135 gene. This protein contains a RING finger domain, a motif involved in protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. The gene is located in a chromosomal region frequently deleted in patients with neurofibromatosis. Multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported. RNF135 has been shown to interact with RARRES3.
RNF135 is an E2-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions as a RIGI coreceptor in the sensing of viral RNAs in cell cytoplasm and the activation of the antiviral innate immune response. It works with UBE2D3, UBE2N and UB2V1 E2 ligases to catalyze the 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of RIGI oligomerized on viral RNAs, an essential step in the activation of the RIG-I signaling pathway. RNF135 can also activate the RIG-I signaling pathway through a ubiquitin-independent mechanism, where it bridges RIGI filaments forming on longer viral RNAs. This second mechanism works in synergy with the ubiquitin-dependent mechanism, allowing an RNA length-dependent regulation of the RIG-I signaling pathway. RNF135, when associated with the E2 ligase UBE2N, also synthesizes unanchored 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains that may also activate the RIG-I signaling pathway.
RNF135 is also known as L13, MMFD, REUL, Riplet.
