RCC2
Description
The RCC2 (regulator of chromosome condensation 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
RCC2, also known as telophase disk protein of 60 kDa (TD-60) or RCC1-like protein TD-60, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RCC2 gene. RCC2 shares structural similarity with RCC1 and has weak guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity on the small GTPase Rac. It has also been shown to interact with the Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC) and to activate the catalytic component of the CPC, Aurora B, in the presence of microtubules.
RCC2 is a multifunctional protein that plays a role in regulating the activity of small GTPases, such as RAC1 and RALA. It is essential for normal cell cycle progression during both interphase and mitosis. RCC2 is required for the proper localization of key mitotic proteins, such as MAD2L1, AURKB, and BIRC5, to the inner centromeres during mitosis, and for the correct attachment of kinetochores to mitotic spindles. RCC2 is also involved in the organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton during interphase. It acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RALA, and it can interfere with the activation of RAC1 by GEFs, preventing the accumulation of active RAC1. This suppression of RAC1 activity prevents the RAC1-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of membrane protrusions. RCC2 is also required for normal cellular responses to contact with the extracellular matrix of adjacent cells and for directional cell migration in response to a fibronectin gradient.
RCC2 is also known as TD-60.
Associated Diseases
- skin cancer
- cancer
- prostate cancer
- retinitis pigmentosa
- retinitis pigmentosa and erythrocytic microcytosis
- dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis
