PVR
Description
The PVR (PVR cell adhesion molecule) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 19.
PVR may refer to: Poliovirus Receptor, also know as Nectin-like protein 5. Mediates NK cell adhesion and triggers NK cell effector functions. Binds two different NK cell receptors: CD96 and CD226. These interactions accumulates at the cell-cell contact site, leading to the formation of a mature immunological synapse between NK cell and target cell. This may trigger adhesion and secretion of lytic granules and IFN-gamma and activate cytotoxicity of activated NK cells. May also promote NK cell-target cell modular exchange, and PVR transfer to the NK cell. This transfer is more important in some tumor cells expressing a lot of PVR, and may trigger fratricide NK cell activation, providing tumors with a mechanism of immunoevasion. Plays a role in mediating tumor cell invasion and migration. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for poliovirus. May play a role in axonal transport of poliovirus, by targeting virion-PVR-containing endocytic vesicles to the microtubular network through interaction with DYNLT1. This interaction would drive the virus-containing vesicle to the axonal retrograde transport. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Pseudorabies virus. (Microbial infection) Is prevented to reach cell surface upon infection by Human cytomegalovirus /HHV-5, presumably to escape immune recognition of infected cell by NK cells. Can form trans-heterodimers with NECTIN3. The extracellular domain interacts with VTN, CD226 and CD96. The cytoplasmic domain interacts with DYNLT1. Binds with high affinity to TIGIT. (Microbial infection) Interacts with poliovirus capsid proteins. (Microbial infection) Interacts with human cytomegalovirus /HHV-5 UL141 protein. (Microbial infection) Interacts with pseudorabies virus gD protein.
PVR, also known as Nectin-like protein 5, is a cell surface protein that mediates NK cell adhesion and triggers NK cell effector functions. It binds to two different NK cell receptors: CD96 and CD226, leading to the formation of an immunological synapse between NK cells and target cells. This interaction triggers adhesion, secretion of lytic granules and IFN-gamma, and activates cytotoxicity of activated NK cells. PVR can also promote modular exchange between NK cells and target cells, and transfer to the NK cell, particularly in tumor cells expressing high levels of PVR. This transfer can trigger fratricide NK cell activation, providing tumors with an immune evasion mechanism. PVR also plays a role in mediating tumor cell invasion and migration.
PVR is also known as CD155, HVED, NECL5, Necl-5, PVS, TAGE4.
