PTPRR
Description
The PTPRR (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12.
PTPRR (Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type R) is an enzyme encoded by the PTPRR gene in humans. It belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which regulates cellular processes like growth, differentiation, cell cycle, and oncogenic transformation. PTPRR has an extracellular region, a transmembrane region, and a catalytic domain, making it a receptor-type PTP. The mouse counterpart of this gene regulates the activity and localization of MAP kinases. The rat counterpart is regulated by nerve growth factor, suggesting a role in neuronal growth and differentiation. PTPRR interacts with MAPK7.
PTPRR sequesters mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK14 in the cytoplasm in an inactive form. MAPKs bind to a dephosphorylated kinase interacting motif. Phosphorylation of this motif by the protein kinase A complex releases the MAPKs for activation and translocation into the nucleus.
PTPRR is also known as EC-PTP, PCPTP1, PTP-SL, PTPBR7, PTPRQ.
