PTPRM
Description
The PTPRM (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type M) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 18.
PTPRM, encoded by the PTPRM gene, is an enzyme that belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs remove phosphate groups from tyrosine residues on other proteins, regulating various cellular processes like cell growth, differentiation, and oncogenic transformation. PTPRM is a transmembrane PTP, also known as a receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (RPTP), characterized by a single transmembrane region, a juxtamembrane domain, and two tandem tyrosine phosphatase domains (D1 and D2) within its intracellular domain. Only the membrane-proximal domain, D1, is catalytically active. Its extracellular region contains a MAM domain, an Ig-like domain, and four fibronectin type III-like repeats.
PTPRM is a receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase that mediates homotypic cell-cell interactions and plays a role in adipogenic differentiation via modulation of p120 catenin/CTNND1 phosphorylation. It promotes CTNND1 dephosphorylation and prevents its cytoplasmic localization where it inhibits SLC2A4 membrane trafficking. In turn, SLC2A4 is directed to the plasma membrane and performs its glucose transporter function.
PTPRM is also known as PTPRL1, R-PTP-MU, RPTPM, RPTPU, hR-PTPu.
