PTPRD
Description
The PTPRD (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 9.
PTPRD is an enzyme encoded by the PTPRD gene. It belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which are signaling molecules involved in various cellular processes like growth, differentiation, cell cycle, and cancer development. PTPRD is a receptor-type PTP, meaning it has an extracellular region, a transmembrane segment, and two catalytic domains within the cell. Its extracellular region consists of three immunoglobulin-like and eight fibronectin type III-like domains. Studies in chickens and flies suggest that PTPRD promotes neurite growth and regulates neuron axon guidance. PTPRD is also the receptor for asprosin, a hormone that stimulates appetite. This interaction regulates gluconeogenesis in the liver and is involved in appetite control. Multiple different forms of the PTPRD protein can be produced from the same gene due to alternative splicing.
PTPRD plays a role in the development of synapses by interacting with other proteins, including IL1RAP and IL1RAPL1. This interaction happens across the synapse (trans-synaptically) and can stimulate the formation of both pre- and post-synaptic structures. Additionally, PTPRD's interaction with SLITRK2 specifically contributes to the development of the pre-synaptic structure.
PTPRD is also known as HPTP, HPTPD, HPTPDELTA, PTPD, R-PTP-delta, RPTPDELTA.
