PTPRA
Description
The PTPRA (protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type A) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 20.
PTPRA (Protein-tyrosine phosphatase alpha) is an enzyme encoded by the PTPRA gene in humans. It belongs to the receptor tyrosine phosphatases (RTP) family, which are signaling molecules regulating cellular processes like cell growth, differentiation, the mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. PTPRA contains an extracellular domain, a transmembrane segment, and two catalytic domains. It dephosphorylates and activates Src family tyrosine kinases, influencing integrin signaling, cell adhesion, and proliferation. Three alternatively spliced variants of the gene exist, encoding two distinct isoforms. PTPRA interacts with Grb2 and KCNA2.
PTPRA is a tyrosine protein phosphatase involved in integrin-mediated focal adhesion formation. Following integrin engagement, PTPRA specifically recruits BCAR3, BCAR1, and CRK to focal adhesions. This recruitment promotes SRC-mediated phosphorylation of BRAC1, leading to the activation of PAK and the small GTPases RAC1 and CDC42.
PTPRA is also known as HEPTP, HLPR, HPTPA, HPTPalpha, LRP, PTPA, PTPRL2, R-PTP-alpha, RPTPA.
