PSMB1
Description
The PSMB1 (proteasome 20S subunit beta 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 6.
PSMB1, also known as 20S proteasome subunit beta-6, is a protein encoded by the PSMB1 gene in humans. It's one of the 17 essential subunits that form the 20S proteasome complex, specifically contributing to the proteolytic chamber for substrate degradation. The 20S proteasome recognizes and degrades damaged proteins for quality control and regulatory proteins for dynamic biological processes. A modified version, the immunoproteasome, processes class I MHC peptides. The PSMB1 gene encodes a member of the proteasome B-type family, a 20S core beta subunit. It's tightly linked to the TBP gene in humans and mice, transcribed in the opposite orientation. The gene has 6 exons and resides at chromosome band 6q27. PSMB1 is 26.5 kDa in size, composed of 241 amino acids, with a theoretical pI of 8.27.
PSMB1, also known as Macropain subunit C5, Multicatalytic endopeptidase complex subunit C5, Proteasome component C5, and Proteasome gamma chain, is a non-catalytic component of the 20S core proteasome complex. It plays a crucial role in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. The 20S proteasome forms the 26S proteasome by associating with two 19S regulatory particles, enabling ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This process is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, as well as proteins whose functions are no longer needed. The 20S proteasome can also associate with PA200 or PA28, mediating ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is essential for various cellular pathways, including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) and the generation of specific MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
PSMB1 is also known as HC5, NEDMHAL, PMSB1, PSC5.
