PRMT7
Description
The PRMT7 (protein arginine methyltransferase 7) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRMT7 gene. Arginine methylation is an apparently irreversible protein modification catalyzed by arginine methyltransferases, such as PRMT7, using S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the methyl donor. Arginine methylation is implicated in signal transduction, RNA transport, and RNA splicing. PRMT7 was initially identified as a Type II protein lysine methyltransferase, indicating its role in the symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues. However, it was later reclassified as a Type III protein lysine methyltransferase, meaning it facilitates the mono-methylation of arginine residues. As of 2023, PRMT7 remains the sole member of the Type III PRMT category.
PRMT7 is an arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA), with a preference for MMA. It specifically mediates the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins Sm D1 (SNRPD1) and Sm D3 (SNRPD3), which is essential for the assembly and biogenesis of snRNP core particles. PRMT7 also mediates the symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-3' to form H4R3me2s. This activity plays a role in gene imprinting by being recruited by CTCFL at the H19 imprinted control region (ICR) and methylating histone H4 to form H4R3me2s, potentially leading to the recruitment of DNA methyltransferases at these sites. Furthermore, PRMT7 may also contribute to embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. While PRMT7 can mediate the arginine methylation of histone H2A and myelin basic protein (MBP) in vitro, the relevance of these findings in vivo remains unclear.
PRMT7 is also known as SBIDDS.
Associated Diseases
- Short stature-brachydactyly-obesity-global developmental delay syndrome
- Short stature, brachydactyly, intellectual developmental disability, and seizures
