CYC1
Description
The CYC1 (cytochrome c1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
CYC1, a gene encoding cytochrome c1, a heme protein located in the mitochondria, is essential for the function of Complex III, a key part of the electron transport chain. Mutations in this gene can lead to mitochondrial complex III deficiency. CYC1 is a transmembrane protein with 9 alpha helices, 5 beta strands, and 3 turns. It binds heme groups and is part of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, transferring electrons from ubiquinol to cytochrome c. CYC1 is a phosphoprotein and is found on chromosome 8.
CYC1 is a crucial component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (also known as complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex), a multi-subunit enzyme embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane. This complex plays a vital role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which generates the energy for cellular processes. Within this chain, complex III acts as a link between the electron carriers ubiquinol and cytochrome c. CYC1, containing a heme group, catalyzes the transfer of electrons from the Rieske protein's iron-sulfur cluster to cytochrome c. This transfer is linked to the movement of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, contributing to the electrochemical gradient used by ATP synthase to produce ATP. This process is known as the Q cycle, where two protons are taken from the mitochondrial matrix, four are released into the intermembrane space, and two electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
CYC1 is also known as MC3DN6, UQCR4.
