ACKR3
ACKR3: A Versatile Receptor with Diverse Functions
Description:
ACKR3 (Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3), also known as CXCR7, is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays a crucial role in immune responses, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Unlike typical chemokine receptors, ACKR3 lacks the ability to induce cellular activation and instead functions as a decoy receptor or scavenger.
ACKR3 binds to several chemokines, including CXCL11, CXCL12, and CXCL13, as well as the antimicrobial peptide LL-37. By binding to these molecules, ACKR3 regulates their bioavailability and modulates their effects on immune cells.
Associated Diseases:
ACKR3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including:
- Cancer: ACKR3 is overexpressed in several types of cancer, such as breast, lung, and prostate cancer. It promotes tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis by enhancing angiogenesis and suppressing antitumor immune responses.
- Autoimmune diseases: ACKR3 is expressed on immune cells involved in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. It contributes to the inflammatory process by regulating chemokine signaling.
- Cardiovascular diseases: ACKR3 plays a role in atherosclerosis and heart failure. It promotes inflammation and plaque formation, contributing to the development of cardiovascular complications.
- Neurological disorders: ACKR3 is expressed in the brain and has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer‘s and Parkinson‘s disease. It affects neuronal survival and function through its interactions with chemokines.
Did you Know ?
According to a study published in the journal "Nature Medicine," approximately 10% of human cancers show overexpression of ACKR3. This suggests that ACKR3 may be a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
