PLK1
Description
The PLK1 (polo like kinase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 16.
PLK1 is a human protein encoded by the PLK1 gene. It is a serine/threonine-protein kinase with a molecular weight of 66 kDa. PLK1 has a kinase domain at its N-terminus and two polo-box regions at its C-terminus. The polo-boxes regulate kinase activity by controlling auto-inhibition and subcellular localization. During interphase, PLK1 localizes to centrosomes. In early mitosis, it associates with mitotic spindle poles. A recombinant GFP-PLK1 protein has been shown to localize to the centromere/kinetochore region, suggesting a possible role in chromosome separation. PLK1 acts as an early trigger for the G2/M transition. It promotes centrosome maturation in late G2 and early prophase, and helps establish the bipolar spindle. PLK1 phosphorylates and activates cdc25C, a phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylating and activating the cyclinB/cdc2 complex.
PLK1, also known as Polo-like kinase 1, is a serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays crucial roles in the M phase of the cell cycle. It acts by binding and phosphorylating specific proteins involved in various mitotic processes. These processes include regulating centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, removing cohesins from chromosome arms, inactivating APC/C inhibitors, and regulating mitotic exit and cytokinesis. PLK1 is essential for the accurate execution of these events, ensuring proper chromosome segregation and cell division.
PLK1 is also known as PLK, STPK13.
Associated Diseases
- Parkinson disease
- multiple sclerosis
- lysosomal storage disease
- Alzheimer disease
- microcephaly
- developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
- endometrial cancer
- esophageal cancer
