OR51E2
Description
The OR51E2 (olfactory receptor family 51 subfamily E member 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
OR51E2 is a human gene that encodes a protein involved in the sense of smell. Olfactory receptors are proteins that detect odorant molecules and trigger a signal to the brain, leading to the perception of a smell. OR51E2 is a member of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are responsible for transmitting signals from the outside of a cell to the inside. OR51E2 has a structure that is similar to other GPCRs, and it is responsible for recognizing and transducing odorant signals. The structure of OR51E2 was determined in 2023, making it the first human olfactory receptor to have its structure elucidated. OR51E2 is a relatively narrow-tuned receptor, meaning it responds to a limited set of related odorants. It is known to respond to short-chain fatty acids, including propionic acid.
OR51E2 is an olfactory receptor that is activated by the odorant beta-ionone, a synthetic terpenoid. This activation is mediated by G-proteins, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), as well as activation of the protein kinases PKA and MAPK3/MAPK1. Stimulation of OR51E2 by beta-ionone influences melanocyte proliferation, differentiation, and melanogenesis, and increases the proliferation and migration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. OR51E2 is also activated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate and propionate, and may play a role in regulating renin secretion and blood pressure in response to SCFAs. Additionally, it may be activated by steroid hormones and regulate cell proliferation. OR51E2 is activated by L-lactate in glomus cells.
OR51E2 is also known as HPRAJ, OR51E3P, OR52A2, PSGR.
Associated Diseases
- ovarian cancer
- butyrylcholinesterase deficiency
- colorectal cancer
- cancer
- cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome
- medullary thyroid gland carcinoma
- pachyonychia congenita
