EPG5 : ectopic P-granules 5 autophagy tethering factor
Description
The EPG5 (ectopic P-granules 5 autophagy tethering factor) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 18.
The EPG5 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is involved in a cellular process called autophagy. This process recycles worn-out or unnecessary cell parts and breaks down certain proteins when they are no longer needed. Autophagy also helps cells use materials most efficiently when energy demands are high. During autophagy, materials to be recycled or removed are isolated in compartments called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes are then transported to cell structures called lysosomes that break down the materials. The EPG5 protein is important for the interaction between autophagosomes and lysosomes that allows the transfer of materials. In addition to its role in autophagy, the EPG5 protein aids in the cell's ability to recognize infection from foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. The protein transports molecules from these invaders within cells so they can interact with immune system proteins that trigger reactions to fight the infection.
Involved in autophagy, potentially playing a role in the later stages of autophagy, such as the removal of autophagosomal cargo. Plays a significant part in the innate and adaptive immune response triggered by unmethylated CpG dinucleotides, which are found in pathogens and recognized by the TLR9 receptor. This protein is essential for the movement of CpG dinucleotides from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes, where TLR9 resides. (PubMed:29130391)
EPG5 is also known as HEEW1, KIAA1632, VICIS.
