NEU3
Description
The NEU3 (neuraminidase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11.
NEU3 is an enzyme that removes sialic acid residues from glycoproteins and glycolipids. It is located in the plasma membrane and specifically targets gangliosides. NEU3 may play a role in controlling the ganglioside composition of the lipid bilayer. It has been shown to interact with Grb2.
NEU3 is an exo-alpha-sialidase that removes sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac) from glycolipids, glycoproteins, and oligosaccharides. It specifically cleaves the terminal sialic acid of glycan moieties during catabolism. NEU3 exhibits high catalytic activity towards gangliosides, including alpha-(2->3)-sialylated GD1a and GM3, as well as alpha-(2->8)-sialylated GD3. NEU3 plays a critical role in regulating transmembrane signaling by modulating the ganglioside content of the lipid bilayer and directly interacting with signaling receptors, such as EGFR. Specifically, it desialylates EGFR and activates downstream signaling in proliferating cells. NEU3 also contributes to clathrin-mediated endocytosis by regulating the sorting of endocytosed receptors to early and recycling endosomes.
NEU3 is also known as SIAL3.
Associated Diseases
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
- urinary bladder carcinoma
- cancer
- GM1 gangliosidosis
- polyp of colon
- glioblastoma
- skin squamous cell carcinoma
