RCOR1
Description
The RCOR1 (REST corepressor 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 14.
RCOR1, also known as CoREST, is a protein encoded by the RCOR1 gene in humans. It is well-conserved, downregulated at birth, and plays a significant role in neural cell differentiation. RCOR1 binds to the C-terminal domain of REST (repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor). RCOR1 interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2, HMG20B, REST, and PHF21A.
RCOR1 is a core component of the BHC complex, a corepressor complex that silences the transcription of neuron-specific genes in non-neuronal cells. The BHC complex is recruited to RE1/NRSE sites by REST and functions by deacetylating and demethylating specific histone sites, thus acting as a chromatin modifier. Within the BHC complex, RCOR1 serves as a beacon for the recruitment of other silencing machinery, including MeCP2 and SUV39H1, which collectively silence a chromosomal region. RCOR1 plays a critical role in the demethylation of Lys-4 on histone H3 by enhancing the demethylase activity of KDM1A on core histones and nucleosomal substrates. Additionally, RCOR1 safeguards KDM1A from proteasomal degradation. RCOR1 is also a constituent of the RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex, which represses numerous genes involved in multilineage blood cell development through histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, thereby controlling hematopoietic differentiation.
RCOR1 is also known as COREST, RCOR.
