CENPF
Description
The CENPF (centromere protein F) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1.
CENPF (Centromere protein F) is a protein encoded by the CENPF gene in humans. It plays a critical role in chromosome segregation during cell division, ensuring accurate distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. During the G2 phase of the cell cycle, CENPF is part of the nuclear matrix, preparing for mitosis. In late G2, it becomes part of the kinetochore, a protein complex that attaches to microtubules at the centromere of sister chromatids. This attachment allows microtubules to pull the chromatids apart during cell division. CENPF remains associated with the kinetochore throughout early anaphase, the chromosome-dividing phase. In late anaphase, CENPF relocates to the spindle midzone and then to the intercellular bridge during telophase, the cell-dividing phase. It is believed to be subsequently degraded. Mutations in CENPF disrupt cell division during early development, leading to prolonged mitosis. CENPF also plays a role in the orientation of microtubules for the formation of cellular cilia.
CENPF is essential for proper kinetochore function and chromosome segregation during mitosis. It plays a role in localizing dynein, LIS1, NDE1, and NDEL1 to the kinetochore. CENPF regulates plasma membrane recycling by linking recycling vesicles to the microtubule network through its interactions with STX4 and SNAP25. It may inhibit pocket protein-mediated cellular processes during development by regulating RB protein activity during cell division and proliferation. CENPF might have a regulatory or permissive role in the normal embryonic cardiomyocyte cell cycle and promote continued mitosis in transformed, abnormally dividing neonatal cardiomyocytes. Its interaction with RB directs embryonic stem cells towards a cardiac lineage. CENPF is involved in regulating DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression via its C-terminus. It potentially regulates skeletal myogenesis and cell differentiation during embryogenesis. CENPF contributes to dendritic cell regulation of T-cell immunity against chlamydia.
CENPF is also known as CENF, CILD31, PRO1779, STROMS, hcp-1.
