MPHOSPH8
Description
The MPHOSPH8 (M-phase phosphoprotein 8) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13.
M-phase phosphoprotein 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MPHOSPH8 gene.
MPHOSPH8 is a heterochromatin component that binds methylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me), promoting recruitment of proteins for epigenetic repression. It mediates recruitment of the HUSH complex to H3K9me3 sites, which are enriched in genomic loci. The HUSH complex silences transcription by recruiting SETDB1, a histone methyltransferase, and MORC2, further depositing H3K9me3. MPHOSPH8 also binds H3K9me, promoting DNA methylation by recruiting DNMT3A to target CpG sites, which can be located within gene coding regions. This process contributes to down-regulation of CDH1 expression. Additionally, MPHOSPH8, in collaboration with MORC2 and potentially SETDB1, represses L1 retrotransposons, relying on repressive epigenetic modifications like H3K9me3. Silencing frequently occurs within introns of active genes, leading to host gene down-regulation. The HUSH complex, recruited by ZNF638, also silences unintegrated retroviral DNA, which remains in the host genome after infection.
MPHOSPH8 is also known as HSMPP8, TWA3, mpp8.
