MMP16
Description
The MMP16 (matrix metallopeptidase 16) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 8.
MMP16, encoded by the MMP16 gene, is an enzyme that plays a role in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. This family of proteins is crucial for normal processes like embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue repair, but also in diseases like arthritis and cancer spread. MMP16 exists in two forms, one attached to the cell membrane and the other freely circulating. Both forms activate MMP2, another enzyme involved in matrix breakdown. This gene was previously called MT-MMP2, then MT-MMP3, before being finally named MMP16.
MMP16 is an endopeptidase that breaks down components of the extracellular matrix, including collagen type III and fibronectin. It activates progelatinase A and participates in blood vessel matrix remodeling. A shorter isoform of MMP16 cleaves fibronectin and collagen type III, but at a slower rate. It does not affect collagen types I, II, IV, or V. However, when interacting with CSPG4, MMP16 might contribute to the degradation and invasion of type I collagen by melanoma cells.
MMP16 is also known as C8orf57, MMP-X2, MT-MMP2, MT-MMP3, MT3-MMP.
