SON
The SON Gene: A Comprehensive Guide to the Sleep-Wake Cycle
Description
The SON gene, also known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian regulator, is located on the X and Y chromosomes. It encodes a protein that is essential for regulating the circadian rhythm, the body's natural 24-hour sleep-wake cycle.
The SON gene is located in the brain's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a small region that acts as the master clock of the circadian system. The SCN receives light signals from the eyes and uses this information to adjust the timing of the body's sleep-wake cycle, hormone release, and other physiological processes.
Associated Diseases
Mutations in the SON gene have been linked to several sleep disorders, including:
- Familial Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome (FASPS): People with FASPS experience a chronic pattern of waking up and going to sleep 2-3 hours earlier than normal.
- Familial Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (FDSPS): People with FDSPS have difficulty falling asleep and wake up late in the morning, resulting in a chronic pattern of getting insufficient sleep.
- Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder (N24SWD): People with N24SWD experience sleep-wake cycles that are longer or shorter than 24 hours, leading to disruptions in their daily routine and social interactions.
Did you Know ?
Approximately 0.02% of the population is affected by FASPS, making it a relatively rare sleep disorder. However, it is thought that many more cases go undiagnosed.
